JS入门到精通 第2章 JavaScript基础
一、练习
1. 练习1
(1)源代码
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>输出红、绿、蓝3种颜色的值</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
document.write("RGB颜色#6699FF的3种颜色的色值分别为:");
document.write("<p>R:"+0x66);
document.write("<p>G:"+0x99);
document.write("<p>B:"+0xff);
</script>
</body>
</html>(2)运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_1/
2. 练习2
(1)源代码
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>输出科学记数法表示的浮点数</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
document.write("科学记数法表示的浮点数的输出结果:");
document.write("<p>");
document.write(3e+6);
document.write("<br>");
document.write(3.5e3);
document.write("<br>");
document.write(1.236e-2);
</script>
</body>
</html>(2)运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_2/
3. 练习3
(1)源代码
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>输出奥尼尔的中文名、英文名和别名</title>
<style type="text/css">
*{font-size:18px;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
document.write('<pre>');
document.write('中文名:沙奎尔·奥尼尔');
document.write('\n英文名:ShaquilleO\'Neal');
document.write('\n别名:大鲨鱼');
document.write('</pre>');
</script>
</body>
</html>(2)运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_3/
4. 练习4
(1)源代码
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>输出球员信息</title>
<style type="text/css">
*{font-size:18px;
line-height:30px;}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1 style="font-size:24px;">科比·布莱恩特</h1>
<script type="text/javascript">
var alias="小飞侠";
var height=198;
var score=33643;
var achievement="五届NBA总冠军";
var position="得分后卫/小前锋";
document.write("别名");
document.write(alias);
document.write("<br>身高:");
document.write(height);
document.write("厘米<br>总得分:");
document.write("score");
document.write("分<br>主要成就:");
document.write("achievement");
document.write("<br>场上位置:");
document.write(position);
</script>
</body>
</html>( 2) 运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_4/
5. 练习5
(1)源代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>将华氏度转换为摄氏度</title>
</head>
<body>
<h2>洛杉矶市当前气温</h2>
<script type="text/javascript">
var degreeF=68;
var degreeC=0;
degreeC=5/9*(degreeF-32)
document.write("华氏度:"+degreeF+"°F");
document.write("<br>摄氏度:"+degreeC+"°C");
</script>
</body>
</html>2. 运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_5/
6. 练习6
(1)源代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>字符串运算符的使用</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var movieName,director,type,actor,boxOffice;
movieName = "美人鱼";
director = "周星驰";
type = "喜剧、爱情、科幻";
actor = "邓超、林允";
boxOffice = 33.9;
alert("影片名称:"+movieName+"\n导演:"+director+"\n类型:"+type+"\n主演:"+actor+"\n票房:"+boxOffice+"亿元");
</script>
</body>
</html>(2)运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_6/
7. 练习7
(1)源代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>比较运算符的使用</title>
</head>
<body>
<script>
var age = 25;
document.write("age变量的值为:"+age);
document.write("<p>");
document.write("age>20:");
document.write(age>20);
document.write("<br>");
document.write("age<20:");
document.write(age<20);
document.write("<br>");
document.write("age=20:");
document.write(age==20);
</script>
</body>
</html>2. 运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_7/
8. 练习8
(1) 源代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>赋值运算符的使用</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var a = 2;
var b = 3;
document.write("a=2,b=3");
document.write("<p>");
document.write("a+=b运算后:");
a+=b;
document.write("a="+a);
document.write("<br>");
document.write("a-=b运算后:");
a-=b;
document.write("a="+a);
document.write("<br>");
document.write("a*=b运算后:");
a*=b;
document.write("a="+a);
document.write("<br>");
document.write("a/=b运算后:");
a/=b;
document.write("a="+a);
document.write("<br>");
document.write("a%=b运算后:");
a%=b;
document.write("a="+a);
</script>
</body>
</html>(2)运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_8/
(3)Tips
这里有点绕,a的值不断在变化后再运算。
9. 练习9
(1)源代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>逻辑运算符的使用</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var num = 20; //定义变量
document.write("num="+num);//输出变量的值
document.write("<p>num>0 && num<10的结果:");//输出字符串
document.write(num>0 && num<10);//输出运算结果
document.write("<br>num>0 || num<10的结果:");//输出字符串
document.write(num>0 || num<10);//输出运算结果
document.write("<br>!num的结果:");//输出字符串
document.write(!num);//输出运算结果
document.write("<br>!num<10的结果:");//输出字符串
document.write(!num<10);//输出运算结果
</script>
</body>
</html>(2)运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_9/
(3)Tips
我多加一条。
10. 练习10
(1)源代码
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>条件运算符的使用</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript"> var year = 2026;//定义年份变量 result=(year%4==0 && year%100!=0)||(year%400==0) ?"是闰年" :"不是闰年" alert(year+"年"+result); </script> </body> </html>
(2)运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_10/
(3)Tips
还行。
11. 练习11
(1)源代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>运算符优先级的使用</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var balance = 10;//定义手机话费余额变量 平衡
var call = 0.2;//定义通话资费变量
var traffic = 0.5;//定义流量资费变量 交通,交易
var minutes = (balance-traffic*10)/call;//计算余额可通话分钟数document.write("手机话费余额还可以通话"+minutes+"分钟");//输出字符串
</script>
</body>
</html>(2)运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_11/
(3)Tips
有啥意义?
二、编程训练
1. 训练1
(1)源代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>输出文本</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
document.write("珠穆朗玛峰的高度约等于");
document.write(8844);
document.write("米");
</script>
</body>
</html>(2)运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_12/
(3)Tips
还是有啥意义?
2. 训练2
(1)源代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>反斜杠用法</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
document.write("E:\\JavaScript\\Code\\demo");
</script>
</body>
</html>(2)运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_13/
(3)Tips
反斜杠得用2个,1个不显示;正斜杠一个就显示
3。 训练3
(1)源代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>输出变量</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var area=1710
document.write("俄罗斯的国土面积约为");
document.write(area);
document.write("万平方公里");
</script>
</body>
</html>(2)运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_14/
(3)Tips
有病
4. 训练4
(1)源代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>输出一串文本</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var name = '张无忌';
var sex = '男';
var age = 25;
var height = 1.76;
var skill = '九阳神功、乾坤大挪移';
document.write("<h2>个人信息</h2>");
document.write("姓名:" + name);
document.write("<br>性别:" + sex);
document.write("<br>年龄:" + age);
document.write("<br>身高:" + height + "m");
document.write("<br>武功:" + skill);
</script>
</body>
</html>(2)运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_15/
(3)Tips
输出文本
5. 训练5
(1)源代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>计算利率</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var rate = 2.75;
var money = 100000;
var year = 3;
document.write("存款金额:"+money+"元");
document.write("<br>年利率:"+rate+"%");
document.write("<br>存款期限:"+year+"年");
var total = money+money*(rate/100)*year;
document.write("<br>本息合计:"+total+"元");
</script>
</body>
</html>(2)运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_16/
(3)Tips
比较简单
6. 训练6
(1)源代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>三目比较运算</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var score=65;
var status;
status=(score>=60)? "及格":"不及格";
document.write("周星星的英语成绩是"+score+"分");
document.write("<br>");
document.write("周星星的英语成绩"+status+"");
</script>
</body>
</html>(2)运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_17/
(3)Tips
记住
7. 训练7
(1)源代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>计算梯形面积</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var t = 20;
var b = 30;
var height = 20;
var area = (t+b)*height/2;
document.write("梯形稻田的面积为"+area+"平方米");
</script>
</body>
</html>(2)运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_18/
(3)Tips
运算符优先级
三、实践与练习
1. 实践1
(1)源代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>无标题文档</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
document.write("<pre>");
document.write("他强由他强,清风抚山岗\n");
document.write("他横任他横,明月照大江\n");
document.write("他自狠来他自恶,我自一口真气足\n\n");
document.write("\t\t——《九阳神功》");
document.write("</pre>");
</script>
</body>
</html>(2)运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_19/
(3)Tips
如果没有pre标签则识别不了反斜杠标识。
2. 实践2
(1)源代码
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>计算工资</title>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript">
var salary = 6500;
var insurance = 500; //保险
var threshold = 5000; //阈值
var tax = 0.03; //税
salary-=insurance;
var salary1=salary;
salary1-=threshold;
salary1*=tax;
salary-=salary1;
document.write("该员工的实际收入为"+salary+"元");
</script>
</body>
</html>(2)运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_20/
(3)Tips
这种写法也会了。
3. 实践3
(1)源代码
<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>2月有多少天</title> </head> <body> <script type="text/javascript"> var year = 2026; var result=(year%4 == 0 && year%100 != 0)?29 :28 alert(year+"年2月有"+result+"天"); </script> </body> </html>
(2)运行页面
https://www.xinyizhishu.top/jsC/sc/2_21/
(3)Tips
前面已有。